Attitudes come into the workplace under four different headings, these are; Work Situation – Attitude towards the actual job; pay, co-workers, working conditions, etc. In reality, all but one of the participants were confederates of the experimenter, and the study was really about how the remaining student would react to the confederates’ behavior. The person’s initial attitude on an issue provides a point of reference against which he evaluates other opinions.These views can be considered in terms of attitudinal continuum and can be considered as comprised of latitudes. The latitude of acceptance, which is the range of opinions the individual finds acceptable, encompasses the opinion that best characterises his own stand. The attitude of rejection, which is the range of opinions the individual finds objectionable, encompasses the opinion he finds most objectionable. The new attitude or behavior is consistent with the individual’s value system, and tends to be merged with the individual’s existing values and beliefs. However, Katz functional theory has not stimulated much research except for the work on changing ego defensive attitudes.Kelman has given another approach about the functional approach of attitudes.He has distinguished three processes of attitude formation and change:This theory is directed towards the types of social relationships that occur in social influence situations.Compliance occurs when an attitude is formed or changed in order to gain a favourable impression from other person or group.Identification occurs when a person forms or changes his attitude because this adoption helps him establish or maintain a positive self defining relationship with the influencing agent.Internalization involves adopting an attitude because it is congruent with one’s overall value systems.This approach makes an important contribution towards an understanding of the conditions that influence the maintenance and stability of attitude change.The social judgment theory was originally formulated by Sherif and Hoveland. They are not stable, and because of the communication and behavior of other people, are subject to change by social influences, as well as by the individual’s motivation to maintain cognitive consistency when cognitive dissonance occurs—when two attitudes or attitude and behavior conflict. They are not stable, and because of the communication and behavior of other people, are subject to change by social influences, as well as by the individual’s motivation to maintain cognitive consistency when cognitive dissonance occurs—when two attitudes or attitude and behavior conflict. The basis for compliance is founded on the fundamental idea that people want to be accurate and right.Identification explains one’s change of beliefs and affect in order to be similar to someone one admires or likes. Therefore, behaviors adopted through internalization are due to the content of the attitude object.The expectancy-value theory is based on internalization of attitude change. This means that people seek to reconcile divergent attitudes and align their attitudes and behaviour so that they appear rational and consistent. In order to reduce this tension, people may change their attitudes to reflect their other beliefs or actual behaviors.
Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. Organizational change sometimes means reducing the number of people working in the company to make operations more efficient. Sometime in your career, you may find that you go through this painful, sometimes traumatic experience. Variations in the experiments showed that compliance rates increased as the number of confederates increased, and the plateau was reached with around 15 confederates. What do you do to recover in the aftermath of a downsizing? For example a person will always be scared when they see a spider. Organizational Commitment Identifying with a particular organization and its goals, and wishing to maintain membership in the organization. This theory attempts to explain how existing attitudes produce distortions of attitude related objects and how these judgments mediate attitude change. However, this is not always true, most people have the attitude that drinking excessively will be damaging to their health, yet despite this their behaviour around alcohol is to carry on drinking.Attitudes come into the workplace under four different headings, these are;All material copyright (2014-20) and for educational purposes only. Sometimes, even though there is no change in personnel, but their attitudes change. Participants were asked to pick, out of three line options, the line that is the same length as a sample and were asked to give the answer out loud. Attitudes are general evaluations of objects, ideas, and people one encounters throughout one’s life (e.g., “capital punishment is bad”). Attitude and Opinions. Attitude change occurs anytime an attitude is modified.
This model states that the behavior towards some object is a function of an individual’s intent, which is a function of one’s overall attitude towards the action. Imagine the following situation: You've always placed a high value on financial security, but you start dating someone who is very financially unstable. When there is an inconsistency, forces are initiated to return the individual to an equilibrium state where attitudes and behaviour are again consistent.